在本教程中,我们将使用 Python 和 Pygame 库创建一个简单的象棋游戏。通过这个项目,您将学习如何使用 Pygame 库创建游戏窗口、绘制棋盘、初始化棋子、实现棋子移动逻辑以及控制游戏循环。
环境设置在开始之前,请确保已安装 Python 和 Pygame 库。您可以使用以下命令安装 Pygame:
pip install pygame 项目分布本项目将包括以下模块:
初始化 Pygame 和设置游戏参数绘制棋盘和初始化棋子实现棋子的移动逻辑控制游戏循环和用户输入判定游戏结果和结束条件 代码编写实现 1. 初始化 Pygame 和设置游戏参数 # 导入必要的库import pygameimport sys# 定义游戏参数WINDOW_WIDTH = 640 # 窗口宽度WINDOW_HEIGHT = 640 # 窗口高度GRID_SIZE = 80 # 棋盘格子的大小BOARD_COLOR_1 = (238, 238, 210) # 棋盘浅色BOARD_COLOR_2 = (118, 150, 86) # 棋盘深色# 初始化 Pygamepygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT))pygame.display.set_caption('象棋游戏') 2. 绘制棋盘和初始化棋子 # 绘制棋盘def draw_board(screen):for row in range(8):for col in range(8):color = BOARD_COLOR_1 if (row + col) % 2 == 0 else BOARD_COLOR_2pygame.draw.rect(screen,color,pygame.Rect(col * GRID_SIZE, row * GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE))# 主游戏循环def game_loop():running = Truewhile running:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falsedraw_board(screen) # 每次循环都绘制棋盘pygame.display.flip() # 刷新屏幕内容pygame.quit()# 开始游戏循环game_loop() 3. 实现棋子的移动逻辑 # 棋子类class ChessPiece:def __init__(self, row, col, color):self.row = rowself.col = colself.color = colordef move(self, new_row, new_col):self.row = new_rowself.col = new_col# 初始化棋子red_pieces = [ChessPiece(0, 0, 'red'), ChessPiece(0, 1, 'red')] # 红方棋子black_pieces = [ChessPiece(9, 0, 'black'), ChessPiece(9, 1, 'black')] # 黑方棋子# 绘制棋子def draw_pieces(screen):for piece in red_pieces + black_pieces:pygame.draw.circle(screen,(255, 0, 0) if piece.color == 'red' else (0, 0, 0),(piece.col * GRID_SIZE + GRID_SIZE // 2, piece.row * GRID_SIZE + GRID_SIZE // 2),GRID_SIZE // 3)# 移动棋子def move_piece(piece, new_row, new_col):piece.move(new_row, new_col)# 判断是否合法移动def is_valid_move(piece, new_row, new_col):# 在这里实现棋子的合法移动规则return True # 暂时返回 True,表示任何移动都合法# 处理棋子移动def handle_piece_movement(piece, new_row, new_col):if is_valid_move(piece, new_row, new_col):move_piece(piece, new_row, new_col)# 主游戏循环def game_loop():running = Trueselected_piece = Nonewhile running:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:row = event.pos[1] // GRID_SIZEcol = event.pos[0] // GRID_SIZEfor piece in red_pieces + black_pieces:if piece.row == row and piece.col == col:selected_piece = pieceelif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:if selected_piece:new_row = event.pos[1] // GRID_SIZEnew_col = event.pos[0] // GRID_SIZEhandle_piece_movement(selected_piece, new_row, new_col)selected_piece = Nonedraw_board(screen) # 每次循环都绘制棋盘draw_pieces(screen) # 绘制棋子pygame.display.flip() # 刷新屏幕内容pygame.quit()# 开始游戏循环game_loop() 4. 控制游戏循环和用户输入 # 在 game_loop() 函数中添加以下内容:# 处理鼠标点击事件def handle_mouse_click(selected_piece, event):row = event.pos[1] // GRID_SIZEcol = event.pos[0] // GRID_SIZEfor piece in red_pieces + black_pieces:if piece.row == row and piece.col == col:selected_piece = piecereturn selected_piece# 处理鼠标释放事件def handle_mouse_release(selected_piece, event):if selected_piece:new_row = event.pos[1] // GRID_SIZEnew_col = event.pos[0] // GRID_SIZEhandle_piece_movement(selected_piece, new_row, new_col)selected_piece = Nonereturn selected_piece# 主游戏循环def game_loop():running = Trueselected_piece = Nonewhile running:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:selected_piece = handle_mouse_click(selected_piece, event)elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:selected_piece = handle_mouse_release(selected_piece, event)draw_board(screen) # 每次循环都绘制棋盘draw_pieces(screen) # 绘制棋子pygame.display.flip() # 刷新屏幕内容pygame.quit() 5. 判定游戏结果和结束条件 # 在 game_loop() 函数中添加以下内容:# 判断游戏结束条件def is_game_over():# 在这里实现判断游戏结束的逻辑return False # 暂时返回 False,表示游戏不会结束# 主游戏循环def game_loop():running = Trueselected_piece = Nonewhile running:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:selected_piece = handle_mouse_click(selected_piece, event)elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:selected_piece = handle_mouse_release(selected_piece, event)draw_board(screen) # 每次循环都绘制棋盘draw_pieces(screen) # 绘制棋子pygame.display.flip() # 刷新屏幕内容if is_game_over():running = Falsepygame.quit() 详细解释 环境设置:初始化 Pygame 并设置窗口参数。绘制棋盘:通过循环绘制棋盘,实现交替颜色效果。游戏循环:监听退出事件,并在每次循环中绘制棋盘并刷新屏幕内容。 总结通过本教程,我们创建了一个基本的象棋游戏框架,并实现了棋盘的绘制和游戏循环控制。在后续步骤中,您可以扩展功能以实现棋子移动逻辑和游戏规则。
扩展复杂的功能通过专栏《Python实现复杂小游戏源码教程》可进一步了解如何扩展游戏的功能。