对“东水西送”工程可行性及方案探讨Discussion on Feasibility and Scheme of the Project for Diverting Bohai Sea Water from the East to the West
DOI: 10.12677/OJSWC.2019.72005, PDF, HTML,XML, 被引量 下载:1,103 浏览:4,249 作者: 徐明毅*:武汉大学水利水电学院,湖北 武汉 关键词: 罗布泊;水资源;沙尘暴;引渤入疆;抽水蓄能;Lop Nor; Water Resources; Sandstorm; Diverting Bohai Sea Water into Xinjiang; Pumped Energy Storage
摘要: 为解决西北地区水资源短缺问题,“东水西送”工程设想将渤海水经内蒙古引入新疆,填充沙漠中的封闭构造盆地,得到一系列人造海,可以发挥压沙、增湿、提盐、调温、蓄能、养殖等功能,对其中工程难度、运行耗能、盐碱化、水汽损失、资金投入等问题进行了探讨,并综合霍有光方案和陈昌礼方案,建议将工程分为六期,由近及远,分步实施。
Abstract: In order to solve the shortage of water resources in the northwest region, the “East to West Water Divert” project is envisaged which introduces Bohai Sea water into Xinjiang through Inner Mongolia. The enclosed structural basins in the desert will be filled by sea water to obtain lots of artificial seas, which have functions of sand restriction, increasing humidity, salt extraction, temperature regulation, energy storage, breeding, etc. The problems of engineering difficulty, energy consump-tion during operation, salinization, water vapor loss, capital investment, etc. are discussed. Based on Huo Youguang’s proposal and Chen Changli’s proposal, it is suggested that the project be divided into six phases and implemented from near to far step by step.
文章引用:徐明毅. 对“东水西送”工程可行性及方案探讨[J]. 水土保持, 2019, 7(2): 33-41. https://doi.org/10.12677/OJSWC.2019.72005
1. 引言
我国西北地区有广袤的土地资源,光照充足,但是由于干旱缺水导致生态环境恶劣,土地资源难以开发利用 [1] 。只要有足够的水资源,该地区就能扩大耕地,发展现代农业,增加粮食产量,吸纳大量人口,很大程度上解决我国的耕地安全、粮食安全、人口安全问题。我国的“南水北调”工程是在陆地上将南方的淡水资源调配到北方,但总的淡水资源并无增加。因此有学者打破思维定势,将目光投向大海,提出陆海统筹,利用海水自然蒸发获取淡水资源的思路,也即是调渤海水入新疆,“东水西送”的工程设想。
“东水西送”工程有“海水西调”、“海水西送”、“引渤入新”、“引渤入疆”等不同称呼,基本思路是从渤海西北海岸提送海水达到海拔1200米高度,然后从内蒙古自治区开始,往西穿越沙漠,将海水引入新疆的罗布泊,填充沙漠中的干盐湖、咸水湖和封闭的构造盆地,构成一系列人造海。大量海水依靠西北地区的光热资源自然蒸发,湿润空气,增加降雨,从而达到治理沙漠、沙尘暴,增加淡水资源,彻底改变西北地区极度缺水状态的目的。
由于该工程构想规模宏大,影响深远,故引起较大争论。